Development and Psychometric Testing of a Crisis Leadership Scale for Nurse Managers: Self-and Follower Assessment
Çiğdem Torun Kılıç, Havva Öztürk, Sergul Duygulu, Garibe AdıgüzelAbstract
Aim
To develop a valid and reliable scale to assess leadership behaviors of nurse managers in crisis preparation and intervention, as perceived by both follower nurses and nurse managers themselves.
Methods
This methodological study was carried out in 3 stages: item pool creation, item evaluation, and psychometric evaluation. Construct validity, convergent-discriminant validity, and reliability were examined. The study was conducted with 1270 participants, data were collected between March and May 2024, following the STROBE checklist.
Results
The content validity index of the scale was 0.98. Exploratory factor analysis revealed 24 items and 2 subscales explaining 67.47% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good or acceptable fit indices. Cronbach’s alpha values ranged from 0.947 to 0.978, and item-total correlations ranged from 0.655 to 0.861. Retesting confirmed temporal stability of the scale.
Conclusion
With its comprehensive subscales and strong psychometric properties, the Crisis Leadership Scale for Nurse Managers is a valid and reliable tool that can assess crisis leadership behaviors of nurse managers from the perspective of leaders and followers; it has 2 subscales: “Leading for Crisis Preparedness” and “Leading for Responding to the Crisis.” It can guide nurse managers in developing necessary strategies to prepare for potential crises and to respond by leading them.