Developing a Team Classification Scheme for Human-Agent Teaming

This study develops a team classification scheme for human-agent teaming (HAT) and, based on this, analyzes 25 testbeds utilized in 68 empirical studies on HAT. The team classification scheme, adapting an existing scheme used for human-human teams, consists of nine dimensions, including team composition, task interdependence, role structure, leadership structure, authority differentiation, communication structure, communication direction, communication medium, and team life span. This scheme was then applied to analyze 25 testbeds utilized in 68 empirical studies. We found that a significant portion of existing literature on HAT focused on teams consisting of one human and one agent, with humans typically assuming leadership roles. Moreover, the dynamics within these teams tended to remain static over time. Our findings highlight the importance of further research into diverse team attributes, such as team composition, leadership structure, and communication structure. Such efforts would facilitate a deeper understanding of complex team dynamics in human-agent teaming.