Developing a Cage-Based Porous Adsorbent for Effective Enrichment of Bisphenol Pollutants in Honey, Seaweed, and Shrimp, Followed by LC–MS Detection

Abstract

Endocrine-disrupting bisphenol compounds (BPs) pose severe threats to human health, making the development of sensitive analytical methods urgently required. In this study, a novel cage-based porous organic polymer (Cage-R-TEB-POP) rich in predesigned molecular cavities and secondary amine groups was prepared via polymerization and reduction of organic cage monomer. The synergistic effects of host–guest recognition, hydrogen bond, and π–π stacking interactions endow Cage-R-TEB-POP with outstanding adsorption performance toward BPs. Subsequently, Cage-R-TEB-POP was employed as a solid-phase extraction adsorbent, combined with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, for the highly sensitive detection of trace BPs in honey, seaweed, and shrimp samples. The developed method exhibits detection limits as low as 0.20 ng g–1, with spiked recoveries ranging from 82.4% to 106% and relative standard deviations below 6.9%. This work establishes a robust approach for the analysis of trace-level BPs in food and proposes a promising strategy for the synthesis of cage-based novel materials.