Design and dynamic analysis of a skyhook recovery system for small fixed-wing UAVs

To address the problems of low recovery efficiency and poor adaptability of small fixed-wing UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) under space-constrained conditions, a skyhook recovery system is designed. First, the structure of the recovery system is completed according to the functional requirements, and the frame design is optimized using a folding mechanism. Second, three-dimensional modeling is accomplished using Autodesk Inventor software, and the folding scheme is optimized to improve the space utilization rate of the hangar. Third, a multi-body dynamics model is established using MSC Adams software, where the UAV is simplified as a rigid body. Segmented stiff springs are adopted to simulate the characteristics of flexible ropes, thereby simplifying the model and improving analysis efficiency. Finally, dynamic simulation analysis is carried out. The results show that the UAV speed has an oscillatory attenuation trend during the recovery process: its speed stabilizes below 2.5 m/s after 15 s, and the maximum recovery distance reaches 8.62 m, meeting the requirements of efficient and safe recovery. The system has a compact structure and convenient operation, providing a reliable technical solution and theoretical support for UAV recovery under space-constrained conditions.