DOI: 10.11648/j.avs.20261403.14 ISSN: 2328-5850

Demographic Evolution in Extensive Cattle Breeding in the Urban Area of Abeche City, Chad

Madjina Tellah, Zenaba Adoum, Koumaoudjeng Doulgue, Hassan Honore
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The objective of this study was to determine the Demographic evolution in extensive cattle breeding in the urban area of Abeche, Chad. This study was conducted using a cross-sectional survey and a single-visit observation, with a questionnaire administered to farmers after obtaining their consent. The study was conducted from November 1 st to December 31 st , 2024, and included 75 cattle farms, comprising 54 indigenous agrobreeders and 21 agropastoralists. The information sought included: the profile of livestock farmers, herd structure, mortality rates, exploitation rates, herding practices, types of cattle farming systems, and livestock feeding and health care practices. The collected data were analyzed using XLSTAT software (6.1.9). Cattle farming in Abeche city is owned by women educated at the Koranic school, of the Banihalba Arab ethnic group. The average herd size is 18.62 ± 1.20 head, all individually owned. Cattle are acquired primarily through inheritance and mainly for sale. Reproductive performance is acceptable, with a good fertility rate and a high juvenile mortality rate. Selling cattle was the main method of cattle farming, with a higher rate among agropastoralists. Bulls were the most heavily farmed animals. The growth rate was approximately 4%. High exploitation rates and juvenile mortality have negatively impacted herd growth. The numerical yield of the herds is approximately 22%. These results will allow for targeted livestock interventions to reduce juvenile mortality and, then improve herd numerical productivity. A demographic study in other localities would allow for an assessment of the local cattle population growth rate and for organizing support for farmers on improving husbandry practices and reproductive performance.

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