Decarboxylative C-heteroatom Cross-Coupling Reactions: Latest Developments and Mechanistic Insights on C-P and C-N Bond Formation

The advancement of novel chemical reactions to overcome synthetic challenges is continually pursued. Transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling has transformed the field of chemistry by providing environmentally friendly and effective approaches for building organic compounds through diverse synthetic processes, cutting costs and time, and enhancing yields and selectivities. In recent times, there has been a growing emphasis on the development of Carbon-Phosphorus (C-P) and Carbon-Nitrogen (C-N) bond-forming reactions, facilitating the effective production of amines, phosphines, and other related functional compounds with exceptional selectivity. Carboxylic acids have been widely used as preferred environmentally benign coupling partners due to their non-toxic nature, cost-effectiveness, stability in normal conditions, and resistance to moisture absorption. This article highlights recent advancements in ligand design, catalytic efficiency, and mechanistic studies of decarboxylative C-P and C-N coupling reactions. These developments have facilitated the creation of biologically active compounds and novel materials.