Cytomorphological Changes to the Exfoliated Buccal Epithelial Cells of Hypertensive Smokers and Nonsmokers
Maha Abdulallah Ahmad, Layla Sabri YasAbstract
Background:
Hypertension with smoking is a chronic medical condition that affects human health. Chronic smokers are at an elevated risk of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory diseases, and oral cancers.
Objective:
By using nuclear deformities in cells among the three groups of desquamated buccal mucosal cells, cellular morphological changes can be investigated and estimated.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 90 subjects were randomly selected and classified into three groups: group 1 (G1): 30 hypertensive smokers treated with Diovan
®
, group 2 (G2): 30 hypertensive nonsmokers treated with Diovan
®
, and group 3 (G3): 30 healthy individuals as the control group. Buccal mucosal smears were collected and stained by pap stain. The parameters achieved for the three groups were statistically compared using mean (
Results:
There was a significant difference in all nuclear abnormalities among the three groups, as indicated by a
Conclusion:
Groups G1 and G2 exhibit significant cytomorphological changes. The combined use of cytomorphological and exfoliative cytology analysis presents an added advantage. It helps in observing clinically suspect lesions and initial identification of malignancy in high-risk individuals, such as smokers.