Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Occupation-Based Practice Measure in Japan

Occupation-based practice (OBP) is central to occupational therapy, yet its implementation remains inconsistent. This study translated and culturally adapted the OBP Measure into Japanese and evaluated its psychometric properties in 351 occupational therapists. Content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, measurement error, and measurement invariance were examined. Content validity was excellent (S-CVI = .97). Confirmatory factor analysis of the revised 33-item model showed mixed fit. Internal consistency was acceptable for four subscales, whereas Interest in OBP showed inadequate internal consistency and relatively weak test–retest reliability. Total-score test–retest reliability was high (ICC = 0.87), with an MDC ₉₅ of 1.94. Configural and metric invariance were supported across career stages, whereas scalar invariance was not fully supported. Overall, the OBPM-J showed promising psychometric properties, although its structural validity, Interest in OBP subscale, total-score interpretation, and comparability across career stages require further investigation.