Critical theory of racism, antisemitism, and the demonisation of Israel: Understanding their complex interrelations

This article investigates the complex relationship between racism and antisemitism, advocating for an intersectional approach that highlights their distinct yet interconnected nature. The author critiques the tendency to subsume antisemitism under racism, arguing that such simplification overlooks unique aspects of antisemitism, particularly in contexts where it manifests through anti-Israel resentment. Drawing on a materialist tradition influenced by Marxist thought and the critical theory of the Frankfurt School, the article explores how both ideologies serve to mask social and economic contradictions in society. The concept of the ‘intersectionality of ideologies’ is introduced, allowing for a nuanced understanding that disentangles antisemitism from racism while examining their interconnections. This framework enables a deeper exploration of the socio-economic factors sustaining both ideologies. Additionally, the article addresses misconceptions surrounding the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance's (IHRA’s) definition of antisemitism, clarifying that it does not inhibit legitimate criticism of Israeli politics but instead distinguishes between criticism and resentment. Ultimately, the author emphasizes that racism and antisemitism require tailored analytical tools to effectively grasp their complexities and socio-political implications.