Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography in Odontogenic Space Infections: A Cross-Sectional Study with the Development of a Structured Reporting Framework
Bhavana K. Murjani, Sonali G. Kadam, Easwaran Ramaswami, Vijayalaxmi Nimma, Amit D. Ramchandani, Hemant UmarjiAbstract
Background:
Odontogenic space infections tend to spread through fascial spaces of head and neck, resulting in potentially life-threatening complications. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) is widely used for evaluating these infections; however, interpretation remains challenging due to the complex anatomy of maxillofacial region and a lack of standardized approach.
Objective:
To evaluate CECT findings of odontogenic space infections and to develop a structured assessment framework for systematic interpretation.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 patients with odontogenic space infections. All patients underwent clinical examination followed by CECT imaging. Scans were evaluated for the extent, nature, and adjacent structural involvement.
Results:
Multi-space involvement was seen in 97.5% of cases. Lymphadenopathy and subcutaneous fat stranding were present in 90% cases, abscess formation in 80%, and loss of fat planes in 62.5% of cases. CECT demonstrated a greater extent of deep-space involvement than clinical examination and enabled assessment of adjacent structures and potential complications. Based on these findings and a literature review, a structured assessment framework was proposed.
Conclusion:
CECT facilitates comprehensive evaluation of odontogenic space infections. The proposed structured assessment framework may improve consistency and completeness of image interpretation and reporting.