Construction of Multi‐Structure Models and Radiation Shielding Property Prediction of Complex Multi‐Interface Composite Materials

ABSTRACT

With the widespread application of nuclear technology, accurate evaluation and design of nuclear radiation shielding materials have become critically important. However, existing mainstream models cannot satisfy the research requirements for complex multi‐interface composite shielding materials. To address the limitation that current radiation shielding models cannot accurately characterize the photon transport process, this study employs the Monte Carlo simulation method to construct shielding material models with diversified microstructures, porous structure, modified dispersions, and multilayer configurations. The results show that different microstructures and porous structures can construct multiple scattering interfaces at the microscale. During photon‐matter interactions, multiple scattering events occur within individual particles, triggering photon attenuation and subsequent absorption after energy deposition. Particle surface modification can effectively improve particle dispersion, boost the photon‐matter interaction probability, block photon escape after low‐cycle collisions, and suppress secondary radiation generation. Diversified high atomic number particles synergistically enhance the photoelectric effect via the complementarity of K‐absorption edges, build macroscopic scattering and absorption interfaces, extend the photon collision path, and ultimately improve the overall radiation shielding performance. This work provides targeted theoretical guidance for the structural design and performance optimization of advanced nuclear radiation shielding materials.