Constraining magnetized black-bounce spacetime from HFQPOs data and selecting resonance models via information criteria and Bayesian analysis

Abstract

Black bounce spacetime, proposed by Simpson and Visser (SV), can describe the Schwarzschild solution, regular black holes, and traversable wormholes in a unified manner, depending on the value of the regularization parameter a . This paper primarily explores the dynamics of charged particle in the magnetized SV spacetime, and constrains the parameters of the SV spacetime along with its surrounding magnetic fields. The constraints are given by using

analysis combined with high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation (HFQPO) data observed from three microquasars: GRS 1915+105, XTE 1550-564, and GRO 1655-40. The results indicate that the magnetic field significantly influences the position of the innermost stable circular orbit of charged particle and frequency distribution of epicyclic motion, which excites more resonance model variants, enhancing observational effects. Additionally, we employ the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) to evaluate resonance model and its various variants. The support for different models from observational data shows significant variation:

$$E R_8$$ E R 8

as the best model is supported strongly,

$$ER_3$$ E R 3

model has moderate evidence of support,

$$ER_6$$ E R 6

and

$$ER_7$$ E R 7

models are considerably less support, while other resonance models have essentially no support. The result from AIC is broadly consistent with the results obtained from the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and the Bayes factor. For models more supported by the observational data, the allowed ranges of the regularization parameter:

$$0\le a/M<0.736$$ 0 ≤ a / M < 0.736

(

$$68\%$$ 68 %

confidence level) suggests that HFQPOs data could support the magnetized black bounce spacetime as a regular black hole, and the smaller value of the regularization parameter indicates a possibility of the presence of quantum effects. According to the constraint results, we get the best-fit values of magnetic field strength around

$$10^{-5}\sim 10^{-4}$$ 10 - 5 ∼ 10 - 4

GS for electrons and around

$$10^{-2}\sim 10^{-1}$$ 10 - 2 ∼ 10 - 1

GS for protons. Finally, as a comparison, we test the SV spacetime without a magnetic field using microquasar observational data, and the calculated results of AIC and BIC show that this case is incompatible with the HFQPOs data, further supporting the existence of a magnetic field in SV spacetime.