Confucianism under communism: navigating the teaching of Confucian philosophy in contemporary China

This paper examines the intersection of Confucian philosophy and communist ideology within China's contemporary educational system. Confucianism, a millennia-old tradition, has played a significant role in shaping Chinese society and continues to influence moral and educational frameworks. Under communist rule, Confucianism has been selectively reintegrated to promote social harmony, respect for authority, and moral integrity, aligning with socialist values. Through a descriptive analytical method, the study explores government policies, educational curricula, and case studies from schools and universities. The analysis is framed using cultural hegemony, soft power, cultural capital, and syncretism theories to understand how Confucian values are adapted to meet the needs of a modern socialist state. The research finds that Confucian philosophy serves as a tool for fostering national identity, cultural continuity, and ethical citizenship in China. Furthermore, this synthesis between Confucianism and communism has implications for educational practices in other political contexts, offering a model for integrating traditional values with modern governance. The study highlights the dynamic interplay between preserving cultural heritage and promoting a cohesive national ideology in a rapidly modernizing society.