DOI: 10.11648/j.jccee.20261104.17 ISSN: 2637-3890

Comparison of Field Tests and Methods of Rehabilitation for Flexible and Rigid Pavement Infrastructures in Egypt and Saudi Arabia: A Comprehensive Review

Mostafa Hassan
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Roads are a vital infrastructure that links cities and countries and facilitates trade between countries. The impact of severe climate change is increasing significantly all over the world and influences its effect on vital roads with respect to changes in temperature that induce significant thermal stresses, relative humidity, and extreme floods these days. Different mix designs, field tests, and materials utilized for flexible (Asphalt) and rigid pavement (Concrete) in Egypt and Saudi Arabia will be discussed in detail in this comprehensive review. Acceptable limits for Los Angeles (LA) abrasion to determine abrasion for the aggregates and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) limits for subgrade, sub-base, course base, binder base, and wear surface for roads would be provided. A detailed comparison between the Marshall Mix Design and Superpave Mix Design for the asphalt layer would be illustrated in this study for Egypt and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Various rehabilitation techniques for roads in two different countries are provided according to the climate conditions and limitations in the two countries. Moreover, the mix design for pavement layers in airports for rigid or flexible pavement would be compared with respect to the materials and climatic conditions in the two countries. Road settlement causes and the method of rehabilitation in the two countries will be presented. Finally, it was found that utilizing Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene and nano-clay could improve the rheological properties and rutting resistance of the bitumen in the Egyptian code for urban and rural roads.

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