Comparison of Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Dalbergia odorifera Essential Oils Obtained by Hydrodistillation and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Methods

Objective: The comparison of chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Dalbergia odorifera essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction methods. Methods: Their compositions and antimicrobial activity were investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and microdilution methods, respectively. Results: Hydro-distilled essential oil (HD-EO) consisted of 8 components, accounting for 98.67%, whereas supercritical carbon dioxide extracted essential oil (SC-EO) consisted of 13 components, accounting for 87.90%. The significant differences between the compositions of these essential oils were nerolidol oxide Ⅰ (23.69% for HD-EO and 16.10% for SC-EO), nerolidol oxide Ⅱ (43.40% for HD-EO and 34.52% for SC-EO), and nerolidol oxide Ⅲ (3.61% for HD-EO and 7.27% for SC-EO). S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae were more sensitive to HD-EO than to SC-EO. Moreover, HD-EO possessed anti- B. cereus and anti- S. dysenteriae activities, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 13.6 mg/mL. SC-EO exhibited anti- C. albicans activity with an MIC value of 2.9 mg/mL. Moreover, the essential oils were tested but found inactive against E. aerogenes, E. faecalis, K. pneumonia, P. vulgaris, S. typhi, S. typhimurium, or V. parahaemolyticus. Conclusion: These results support for the rational utilization and further development of D. odorifera essential oils.