Comparative In Vitro Evaluation of the Remineralization Potential of Commercial Pediatric Dentifrices Containing Herbal Ingredients (Ginger, Propolis, Aloe Vera, and Rosemary), Fluoride, and CPP-ACP on Primary Enamel: An SEM-EDX Study

Objective: The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effects of fluoride- and casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP)-containing products and commercial pediatric dentifrices containing herbal ingredients (propolis, ginger, aloe vera, and rosemary) on artificially induced initial caries lesions in primary tooth enamel using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Materials and Methods: Eighty caries-free primary molars were randomly allocated into eight groups (n = 10): two control groups (sound and demineralized enamel), a fluoride group, a CPP-ACP group, and four commercial herbal dentifrice groups containing propolis, ginger, aloe vera, or rosemary. Artificial initial enamel lesions were created in all specimens except those in the positive control group. During a 7-day pH-cycling protocol, the treatment groups received standardized dentifrice slurry applications twice daily for 4 min. At the end of the experimental period, enamel surfaces were evaluated using SEM-EDX. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Kruskal–Wallis test, as appropriate (p < 0.05). Results: SEM analysis revealed a comparatively compact and homogeneous surface appearance in the fluoride group, while the ginger group showed a relatively homogeneous surface morphology among the commercial herbal dentifrice groups. EDX analysis showed no statistically significant differences among the groups in Ca wt% (p = 0.085), Ca at% (p = 0.077), atomic Ca/P ratio (p = 0.138), or weight Ca/P ratio (p = 0.126). Significant between-group differences were observed for both P wt% (p = 0.008) and P at% (p = 0.005), as well as O wt% (p = 0.022) and O at% (p = 0.020). Conclusions: The tested products produced qualitative differences in enamel surface micromorphology and significant differences in some EDX-derived relative elemental percentages; however, Ca percentages and Ca/P ratios did not differ significantly among the groups. Therefore, the observed numerical and morphological variations should not be interpreted as evidence of superior mineral gain or remineralization efficacy. Further in situ and in vivo studies are required to determine the clinical relevance of these findings.