Comparative Evaluation of Yen Angle, Beta Angle, and Wits Appraisal to Assess the Reliability of Sagittal Dysplasia: A Retrospective Study
Ishani Sethi, P. Narayana Prasad, Tarun Sharma, Anupa Rawat, Channan Kaur Bindra, Shashwata SahaAbstract
Background:
Recent evaluation of the skeletal differences between the sagittal skeleton is the key to the correct orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The most common cephalometric parameters, including ANB angle and Wits appraisal, but these parameters can be affected by changes in cranial base morphology, jaw rotation, and inclination of the occlusal plane. To circumvent these shortcomings, newer analyses which incorporate the yen angle and the beta angle have been introduced as a reliable analysis of maxillomandibular relationships.
Aim:
The aim of this study was to compare reliability and diagnostic predictability of yen angle, beta angle, and Wits appraisal when assessing sagittal skeletal dysplasia using the lateral cephalometric radiographs.
Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective study, a sample size of 50 individuals, aged between 15 and 25 years and with ANB less 4, were selected. Pretreatment records in the form of lateral cephalograms, orthopantomograms, and intraoral and extraoral photographs were evaluated. Lateral cephalogram was manually traced on acetate sheets, and measurements of Yen angle, Beta angle, and Wits appraisal were recorded. To evaluate the statistical significance, the IBM SPSS software version 21.0 at a confidence level of 95%, and the study power of 80% were used.
Results:
The results indicated differences in reliability, consistency, and diagnostic predictability between the three cephalometric parameters of measurement of sagittal skeletal discrepancies. The Yen angle showed a mean value of 112.46° with a standard deviation (SD) of 5.41 and the lowest coefficient of variation (CV) at 4.81%, indicating it to be the most consistent and homogenously distributed measure among the three parameters, whereas Wits appraisal exhibited the highest variability with a mean of 4.50 mm, SD of 1.72, and a CV of 38.22%.
Conclusion:
The current research concluded that the yen angle was found to be the most reliable and consistent parameter for assessing sagittal skeletal discrepancies, exhibiting the lowest CV among the evaluated measurements.