Comparative analysis of the interaction between the United Kingdom and Germany with NATO in the context of the fight against international terrorism

The subject of the research is the strategic approaches of the United Kingdom and the Federal Republic of Germany to interaction with the North Atlantic Alliance (NATO) in the field of countering international terrorism. The article examines the key features of institutional mechanisms, legal foundations, and practical aspects of counter-terrorism cooperation between the two leading European powers and NATO during the period from 2022 to 2024. Special attention is given to identifying conceptual differences in national strategies: the British model, prioritizing national interests and selective integration into the Alliance's mechanisms, and the German model, characterized by a high degree of multilateral interaction and institutionalization of cooperation. The research covers the evolution of counter-terrorism approaches in the context of new security challenges, including cyber terrorism, hybrid threats, and the use of artificial intelligence and drones by terrorist groups. The research is based on the application of systemic, comparative, and institutional approaches. The methodology includes content analysis of official strategic planning documents of the UK and the FRG from 2022 to 2024, followed by triangulation of the obtained data to enhance the objectivity of the results. The novelty of the research lies in the identification of two fundamentally different models of interaction between European powers and NATO in the field of counter-terrorism: the British model, emphasizing national mechanisms, and the German model, characterized by a high degree of integration into multilateral structures. The main conclusions of the conducted research are: establishing a correlation between domestic political factors (Brexit, parliamentary control in the FRG) and the nature of cooperation with the Alliance; demonstrating the gradual transformation of counter-terrorism strategies towards preventive measures and early threat detection; identifying a trend towards expanding cooperation in countering cyber terrorism and new technological challenges. A particular contribution of the research is the analysis of potential points of convergence between NATO countries and Russia in countering international terrorism, creating prerequisites for pragmatic interaction on specific aspects of security provision.