DOI: 10.1039/d6ra07043d ISSN: 2046-2069
CO 2 -assisted selective lithium extraction and closed-loop regeneration of spent NCM cathodes toward cleaner battery recycling
Yunfeng Liu, Lu Yao, Xuechun Yang, Zheng Jiao, Nianci GuanLignite carbothermic reduction and CO 2 -assisted leaching enable 99.8% lithium extraction and recovery of Li 2 CO 3 with 98.6% purity. Direct regeneration of the Ni–Co–Mn-rich residue avoids separate transition-metal recovery.