DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1970339 ISSN: 2636-8579

Clinical characteristics of Plantago lanceolata-sensitized children with allergic rhinitis according to asthma status

Hande Yüksel Bulut, Enes Çelik
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Aims: Plantago lanceolata (P. lanceolata) is a clinically relevant weed pollen allergen; however, the clinical characteristics of children with allergic rhinitis sensitized to P. lanceolata remain poorly defined. This study aimed to evaluate whether concomitant asthma is associated with distinct clinical features and aeroallergen sensitization profiles in children with allergic rhinitis and extract-based P. lanceolata sensitization.Methods: This retrospective observational study included children aged 4-18 years with allergic rhinitis and extract-based P. lanceolata sensitization who attended a tertiary pediatric allergy clinic between April 2024 and April 2025. Patients were classified according to the presence or absence of concomitant asthma.Results: Among 1,135 children with allergic rhinitis who underwent skin prick testing, 145 (12.8%) were sensitized to P. lanceolata. Concomitant asthma was present in 53 patients (36.6%). Male gender was more common among children with asthma than among those without asthma (71.7% vs. 53.3%, p=0.03). Children with asthma had significantly higher total IgE levels (p=0.01). Perennial symptoms were more frequent in the asthma group (34.0% vs 15.2%, p=0.01). The overall seasonal distribution of clinic visits did not differ according to asthma status (p=0.08). Polysensitization was highly prevalent (91.7%) and did not differ according to asthma status. Aeroallergen co-sensitization patterns were also comparable between groups.Conclusion: Asthma was common among children with allergic rhinitis and P. lanceolata sensitization and was associated with male gender, higher total IgE levels, and perennial symptoms. Given the high prevalence of polysensitization and grass pollen co-sensitization, extract-based P. lanceolata positivity may reflect broader pollen polysensitization rather than isolated plantain sensitization.

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