Clinical characteristics of patients with chronic heart failure and reduced, mildly-reduced, preserved, and improved ejection fraction: an analysis of the turkiye heart failure (TURK-HF) registry
U Kocabas, I Ergin, T Kivrak, N Gunay, V Yavuz, G M Yilmaz Oztekin, A N Kaya, M Altinsoy, M Dogdus, V O Tanik, C Tunca, Z Ulutas, D Karabulut, I Tekin, I TengizAbstract
Aim
The objective of the present study was to describe clinical characteristics of ambulatory heart failure (HF) patients stratified by left ventricular ejection fraction (EF).
Methods
The TURK-HF registry is a national, multicenter, prospective, observational study of unselected patients with HF, regardless of EF. A total of 51 investigators from 41 centers in 25 cities across Türkiye participated in the registry.
Results
The study population consisted of 1231 outpatients with HF, predominantly men (64.0%) with a median age of 69 years. Among the study population, 57.2% had HF with reduced EF (HFrEF), 13.7% had HF with mildly reduced EF (HFmrEF), 25.9% had HF with preserved EF (HFpEF), and 3.3% had HF with improved EF (HFimpEF) (Figure1). Patients with HFpEF were older and more commonly women with higher body mass indices and were more likely to have moderate-to-severe mitral and tricuspid regurgitation, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, and depression. The aetiology of HF was ischaemic in a higher percentage of patients with HFrEF and HFmrEF. Patients with HFrEF and HFpEF were more symptomatic and had higher NT-proBNP levels than those with HFmrEF and HFimpEF. Patients with HFimpEF had a higher level of education than those with HFrEF, HFmrEF, and HFpEF. Moreover, patients with HFimpEF were more likely to receive sacubitril/valsartan and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor treatment (Figure 2).
Conclusion
Heart failure patients stratified according to different LVEF categories represent diverse phenotypes in terms of demographics, clinical characteristics, etiology, and treatment.Figure 1For image description, please refer to the figure legend and surrounding text.Figure 2For image description, please refer to the figure legend and surrounding text.