Chiral Plasmonic Superlattices: Principle, Progress, and Applications

Abstract

Chiral plasmonic superlattices couple localized plasmon resonances with lattice diffraction through periodic arrangements of metallic nanostructures, generating collective surface lattice resonances with high quality factors and thereby substantially amplifying chiroptical signals. This enhancement depends not only on the properties of individual units but also more critically, on symmetry breaking at the lattice scale. From the perspective of fabrication methodologies, this review systematically surveys recent advances in top-down, bottom-up, and integration approaches, illustrating how lattice engineering governs the generation and modulation of chiroptical responses. We highlight cutting-edge applications of these structures in ultrasensitive chiral molecular detection, circularly polarized light manipulation, chiral light sources, and optofluidic devices. Finally, we discuss future directions such as constructing three-dimensional chiral architectures, achieving dynamic tunability, and integrating multifunctional capabilities, thereby providing a framework for the rational design of advanced chiral photonic devices.