Chemical Constituents of the Deep‐Sea‐Derived Penicillium citrinum W22 and Their Ferroptosis Inhibitory Activity

ABSTRACT

One new monomeric citrinin analog (1) and 42 known compounds (2–43) were isolated from Penicillium citrinum W22. The structure of 1 was determined by detailed analysis of the 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), HRESIMS, and time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT)‐based electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. Penicitrinol A (2) and methyl 2‐(2‐acetyl‐3,5‐dihydroxy‐4,6‐dimethylphenyl) acetate (11) significantly inhibited renin‐angiotensin system‐selective lethal 3 (RSL3)‐induced ferroptosis with half maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) values of 1.6 and 34.0 µM, respectively.