Chemical Antibacterial Agents: Research Progress in the Discovery of New Chemicals for Rice Bacterial Blight

Abstract

Rice bacterial blight (BLB) is a globally significant bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). The discovery of novel antibacterial agents against rice bacterial blight has become a hotspot in the field of antibacterial agent research. Thus, a systematic review is warranted. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the major anti-Xoo a active scaffolds, including oxadiazole/thiadiazole sulfones, triazoles, onium salts/mesoionics, quinazolines, benzothiazoles/isothiazoles, and isopropanolamine derivatives. The antibacterial activities of representative derivatives within these scaffolds are categorized and compiled, the structure–activity relationships of these scaffold structures and the design rationales of typical molecules are analyzed in depth, and the multimechanism synergistic modes and mechanisms of action of representative molecules are discussed in detail, aiming to provide new ideas and inspiration for the discovery of novel antibacterial agents against rice bacterial blight.