DOI: 10.26565/3083-5607-2024-1-01 ISSN: 3083-5607

Changes in the Stress-Strain State of a Tooth with Root Perforation

E.I. Dolya, A.Yu. Nikonov

Background. One of the most common complications during mechanical processing of the tooth cavity and root canals is perforation of the bottom or walls of the tooth cavity, as well as perforation of the root canal. As a result of perforation and resulting stress concentration in the hard tissues of the tooth, inflammatory and destructive processes develop in the periodontium and jaw bone. Purpose – study of the influence of the features of the stress-deformed state of a multirooted tooth with perforation of hard tissues in the bifurcation area. Materials and Methods. The stress-strain state of the tooth is studied by the finite element method depending on the size of the perforation. A three-dimensional modelof the tooth was constructed using the finite element method. The three-dimensional finite-element model includes the volumes of all hard tissues of the tooth: enamel, dentin, cementum; the periodontium, spongy and compact substance of the bone is taken into account; volumes of the prepared tooth cavity and perforation canal. Results. A series of calculations of the effect of perforations of different diameters were performed: 1.5 mm; 2.0 mm; 2.5 mm. The distribution of stress intensity (MPa) in the object as a whole and individual tissues showed a non-uniform distribution of stress intensity with maximum values in the root bifurcation zone. Conclusions. When perforation occurs in the furcation area, there is a concentration of tension in the areas of the hard tissues of the tooth and peri-dental tissues, which was not normally observed. The most stressed area of the tooth, regardless of the diameter of the perforation channel, is the area of the furcation of the roots. The stress that is concentrated in this area is much higher than the stress that occurs without perforation. The presence of a root ledge in the perforation channel reduces the stress concentration in all cases considered. The highest stress concentration of all investigated cases occurs with a perforation diameter of 2 mm (8.15 and 8.38 MPa).

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