Changes in lower urinary tract symptoms and uroflowmetric parameters after CPAP therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and benign prostatic hyperplasia: A retrospective study

Recent studies have reported a relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In this study, we investigated the association between continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy and changes in lower urinary tract symptoms, uroflowmetric parameters, nocturia-related quality of life, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in male patients with OSAS and BPH. The primary endpoint was the change in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), while secondary endpoints included changes in International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Nocturia Quality of Life Questionnaire (ICIQ-NQoL), Qmax, Qavg, post-void residual urine volume, and PSA levels. This retrospective single-center observational study screened 352 male patients diagnosed with OSAS. Of these, 38 patients diagnosed with BPH who regularly used CPAP therapy for at least 6 months and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. ICIQ-NQoL, the IPSS, uroflowmetric measurements and PSA levels were evaluated in all patients before and after CPAP treatment. The mean age of the 38 patients was 61.03 ± 8.63 years and the age ranged between 47 and 78 years. The Apnea-Hypopnea Index was significantly correlated with PSA, IPSS, and ICIQ-NQoL scores ( r  = 0.400, P  = .013; r  = 0.397, P  = .014; and r  = 0.333, P  = .041, respectively). Significant improvements were observed in IPSS, ICIQ-NQoL, Qmax, Qavg, and post-void residual urine volume following CPAP therapy (all P  < .001), whereas no significant change was observed in PSA levels ( P  = .29). CPAP therapy may be associated with improvements in lower urinary tract symptoms, uroflowmetric parameters, and nocturia-related quality of life in patients with OSAS and BPH; however, no significant change was observed in PSA levels.