Challenges, opportunities and open questions in Stellar Populations

Abstract

Over 30 years after the IAU Symposium 149 on Stellar Populations, we reconvened to reflect on significant advances in stellar population studies. Our discussions included the properties of stellar populations in the Milky Way, its satellites, as well as nearby and high-redshift galaxies. In particular, we highlighted the Milky Way’s role in our understanding of galaxy formation, and its relationship with what is being learnt from other galaxies. During a very busy week in Paraty, Brazil, we also discussed the community’s plans for the next decades while identifying key unresolved questions for further exploration. In addition to the scientific progress, we underscored the importance of fostering diversity within our field and ensuring that curiosity remains a driving force, embracing individuals from all backgrounds. This commitment to inclusion is vital for the continued advancement of research.