Casson Ternary Nanofluid Flow Through Porous Media Over an Exponential Stretching Surface: Response Surface Approach

ABSTRACT

In this work, the effects of a magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) field on the heat and mass transport properties of a chemically reactive, radiating Casson ternary nanofluid (TNF) across an exponentially stretching surface in a porous medium are examined. Water‐based silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), copper (Cu), and silver (Ag) nanoparticles compose the nanofluid. The research examines how velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are simultaneously affected by permeability, thermophoresis, radiation, Brownian motion, and chemical reactions. To explore the effects of important parameters, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using a similarity transformation and solved numerically in MATLAB using the boundary value problem (BVP) fourth‐order code (bvp4c). The derived quantities are analyzed using the response surface methodology (RSM). The increased porosity, magnetic field intensity, and the Casson fluid parameter reduce velocity. Additionally, Brownian motion and radiation increase temperature dispersion. According to the results, the optimization study shows that the model is highly accurate in R ² , with the reaching 96.07%, the reaching 99.68%, and the reaching a 99.65% level of significance. These findings provide novel nanofluid heat and mass transport technologies for industrial and technical applications.