Carbon‐Negative Olivine‐Based SCM via CO ₂ Mineralization: Performance, Durability, and Scale‐Up Demonstration

Abstract

Co‐reactive's scalable CO ₂ mineralization technology utilizes olivine as the primary magnesium silicate feedstock for carbonation to produce CO‐SCM, a pozzolanic, carbon‐negative fine powder that allows drop‐in replacement of cement in construction applications. In this study, at 25 wt. % clinker replacement, CO‐SCM is tested for its technical performance and durability in mortar and concrete mixes. The health and environmental assessments show that CO‐SCM is an asbestos‐free industrial product. The results confirm that olivine‐based CO ₂ ‐mineralized CO‐SCM can enable carbon‐negative cement technologies without sacrificing technical performance and durability. Co‐reactive has developed a continuous demonstration plant with a production capacity of 1,000 tons/year, which will be fully operational in Q3 2026. The further aim is to extend the technology with production capacities of 10,000 tons/year in 2027 and further scaling up to 300,000 tons/year towards 2030. This scale‐up roadmap enables Co‐reactive to provide carbonnegative CO‐SCM for carbon‐efficient construction.