Capillary Integrated SERS System Inspired by Bee‐Hive Bionics: Enabling Dynamic Multi‐Component Detection of Trace Biomolecules

ABSTRACT

To address bottlenecks in biomolecular trace detection, such as cumbersome sample processing and insufficient dynamic detection capabilities, we propose and construct an Ag–Au Bee‐Hive Cavity (BHC) array SERS substrate based on the Bee‐Hive bionic synergy concept. This design integrates the stability of solid substrates with the high adaptability of nanoparticles (NPs). The Ag–Au BHC array provides a stable, ordered “hot spots” framework, while Au NPs serve as “enhancement units”, establishing a dynamically coupled “NPs‐BHC” system. The substrate is capable of detecting Rhodamine 6G (R6G) at concentrations as low as 10 ⁻¹⁴ M. When synergized with Au NPs, the detection limit further improves to 10 ^{− 16} M, demonstrating extremely high detection sensitivity. The substrate maintains excellent signal stability and interference resistance when tilted and bent conditions. To enable rapid in situ detection, the SERS substrate was integrated with capillary glass tubing to create an integrated detection device. Capillary action facilitated rapid, power‐free sampling, enabling continuous dynamic monitoring of multiple target molecules at flow rates up to 1 mL/s. This work not only provides a novel strategy for developing high‐performance, integrated bionic SERS sensing platforms but also offers an effective solution for the rapid, in situ, and dynamic detection of trace biomolecules in complex environments.