Burden of Pancreatitis in the United States from 1990 to 2023: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023

Objectives: Pancreatitis is the third leading cause of gastrointestinal disease-related hospitalization. Pancreatitis burden has continued to increase since 1990, with trends driven by changing exposures to risk factors, population growth, and population aging. We report the national- and state-level estimates of pancreatitis burden. Methods: Global Burden of Disease (GBD) is a multinational collaborative research study that quantified the burden of 375 diseases. We reported the most recent incidence, prevalence, mortality, and the age-standardized rates per 100,000 population and the significant change from 1990 to 2023 in the US. Permission was obtained to report state-level estimates. Results: In 2023, there were an estimated 235,610 (217,889–251,545) new cases, 403,446 (298,429–514,224) prevalent cases and 5717 (5034–6443) deaths. Pancreatitis contributed 168,062 (147,357–191,446) years of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) was 51.11 (47.33–54.37) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) was 1.05 (0.93–1.19). More burden is noted in men and in the ≥75 age group. High alcohol use contributed to 16.18% (6.14–26.95%) deaths and to 19% (7.16–31.56%) DALYs. Pancreatitis contributed 0.18% (0.16–0.21%) deaths and 0.14% (0.12–0.16) DALYs. From 1990 to 2023, ASIR decreased in all states, ASMR increased in 10 states, and decreased in DC. Conclusions: From 1990 to 2023, driven by demographic shifts, the number of cases and deaths have increased. However, when adjusted for age, the overall disease burden remained stable or slightly declined, suggesting that the risk per individual has not worsened. The future burden can be mitigated by specific prevention efforts and by addressing the risk factors.