Breaking Barriers: A Review on Harnessing Knowledge Assessment Tools to Empower Adolescents with PCOS

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder in adolescent girls, with rising cases reported among those aged 13 to 18 years. It is associated with a range of symptoms such as irregular periods, acne, excess hair growth, and weight gain. Over time, PCOS can lead to serious health issues including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, infertility, and mental health problems like anxiety and depression. Although early detection and lifestyle changes are important for managing the condition, awareness about PCOS especially the role of diet and physical activity is still limited among teenagers. Even though lifestyle changes are widely recognized as a key part of PCOS treatment, many adolescents are not well-informed or equipped to make healthy dietary and lifestyle choices. This review explores the current gaps in knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to nutrition among adolescent girls with PCOS. It also reviews the development and use of assessment tools specifically designed for this age group, such as the Adolescent PCOS Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (APNKQ) and the Youth Lifestyle and Awareness for PCOS Tool (YLAP-PCOS). These tools are valuable in both healthcare and educational settings. They help identify misunderstandings, track progress, and guide the development of age-appropriate nutrition and lifestyle interventions. By focusing on key areas like insulin sensitivity, food misconceptions, eating habits, and physical activity, these tools support the design of targeted education programs. Providing adolescents with accurate nutritional information and strategies for healthy living can improve PCOS symptom management and support long-term physical and mental well-being. Integrating nutrition education into PCOS care for adolescents is essential for enhancing quality of life and reducing the overall impact of the disorder.