Bodybuilding Comes with a Price: Drug-induced Liver Injury Associated with RAD 140 (Testolone), MK-2866 (Enobosarm/Ostarine), and MK-677 (Ibutamoren) Supplements

Abstract

Herbal and dietary supplements (HDS) do not require a prescription, are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, and are used by over half of adult Americans. Currently, up to 20% of acute liver injuries are HDS related. The true incidence of HDS hepatotoxicity is thought to be underreported. According to the World Health Organization, HDS-induced drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is now the fifth most common cause of liver disease-associated death. The most common type of supplements associated with DILI is bodybuilding supplements (45%). We present a case of HDS-induced liver injury due to a previously unreported combination of bodybuilding supplements: RAD 140, MK-2866, and MK-677.