Body Mechanics and Ergonomic Strategies in Orthopaedic Surgery

Orthopaedic surgical procedures place substantial physical demands on operating room personnel and are associated with high rates of work-related musculoskeletal injury. These procedures frequently require prolonged standing, sustained static postures, repetitive forceful movements, and the use of heavy instruments, all of which increase injury risk to surgical team members. The purpose of this article is to provide a narrative review of current evidence regarding core ergonomic principles and body mechanics as they apply to the orthopaedic operating room, with emphasis on implications for orthopaedic nursing practice. Procedure-specific challenges across orthopaedic subspecialties are also examined. Practical, evidence-based strategies for risk mitigation are presented to support optimal operating room setup, promote neutral body positioning, and reduce physical strain. Emphasis is placed on the role of orthopaedic nurses in incorporating ergonomic best practices into daily routines to reduce injury risk among operating room personnel, support career longevity, and strengthen a culture of safety.