Biomechanical Changes Among Different Walker Dependency Levels During Walker-Assisted Gait

This study investigated the biomechanical changes associated with different levels of walker dependence during walker-assisted gait in older adults. Ten community-dwelling older adults participated in this cross-sectional study and performed 10-m walking trials under two walker-dependence conditions: average walker dependence (AWD) and half-average walker dependence (HAWD). Walker dependence was quantified using a weight-feedback walker. In addition, ground reaction forces (GRFs), joint angular velocities, and gait parameters were assessed using a three-dimensional motion analysis system and force plates. Lower walker dependence was associated with greater GRFs (except propulsion force), increased joint angular velocities (except the hip), faster walking velocity and cadence, and shorter stride, stance, and swing times, without significant changes in spatial gait parameters. These findings suggest that the observed biomechanical responses were associated with differences in walker dependence but should be interpreted with caution because walking velocity and the characteristic whole-body biomechanics of walker-assisted gait may also have influenced these responses. Quantitative regulation of walker dependence may influence biomechanical responses during walker-assisted gait.