Biochemical-sonographic Correlations in First-trimester Screening for Foetal Aneuploidy: A Cross-sectional Study from Eastern India
Kirti Rani, Jiut Ram Keshari, Kumar Harsheet Raj, Rekha Kumari, Dipali Prasad, Pankaj PrabhakarAbstract
Background:
Aneuploidy screening constitutes an essential component of routine prenatal care worldwide, which is done by ultrasonography during the first trimester. Moreover, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and free β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) reflect placental function, which serve as important biochemical markers for aneuploidy risk assessment.
Aim:
The present study investigated the correlation between maternal serum PAPP-A and free β-hCG levels with first-trimester ultrasound screening markers, i.e. nuchal translucency (NT) thickness and nasal bone (NB) for detecting fetal aneuploidy.
Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional observational study, which enrolled 139 women with singleton pregnancies at 11–14 weeks of gestation. First-trimester ultrasonography was performed by an experienced doctor, and maternal serum PAPP-A and free β-hCG were also measured. Correlation investigation was done by Spearman’s correlation coefficient, while associations were done by Fisher’s exact test.
Results:
A significant positive correlation was observed between PAPP-A gestational age and maternal body mass index. Further, there were a strong negative correlation of NT thickness with PAPP-A multiples of the median (MoM) (
Conclusions:
The combined assessment of PAPP-A, free β-hCG, NT thickness, and fetal NB could improve the performance of first-trimester screening for fetal aneuploidy, enabling more accurate early prenatal risk stratification and facilitating timely clinical decision-making.