Biobanked Liver Organoids: A Roadmap for Precision Hepatology

ABSTRACT

Cryopreservation‐enabled workflows decouple tissue acquisition from organoid generation, allowing archived biopsies and surgical explants to be revisited as renewable experimental models. This shift expands access to patient‐specific material, reduces the logistical and batch variability inherent in fresh‐tissue pipelines, and enables retrospective and longitudinal studies anchored in real‐world clinical cohorts. Proof‐of‐concept studies show that liver organoids can be derived from cryopreserved human tissues that retain viability and disease‐relevant phenotypes, but performance remains sensitive to the source material, culture lines, and protocol details. The field remains fragmented, lacking broadly adopted standard operating procedures, shared post‐thaw quality benchmarks, and interoperable data infrastructures linking organoid biobanks to clinical metadata.

In this work, we argue that cryopreservation‐enabled organoid biobanking should be treated as foundational infrastructure for precision hepatology, and we outline a pragmatic roadmap for coordinated implementation over the next decade.