Autograph of Madeleine de Valois, Queen of Scots, at the Russian National Library

The article accompanies the publication (transcription and translation into Russian) of two letters — King of Scotland James V Stuart (1512—1542), and his first wife — Madeleine of France (1520—1537), written, respectively, June 7 and 8 1537 at Edinburgh Castle, and sent to King Francis I of France through Ambassador to Scotland, Bishop of Limoges. Both letters were preserved as part of the collection of Western manuscripts and autographs of Peter Dubrovsky, a Russian diplomat in France (1754—1816), in the National Library of Russia. The letter of Madeleine de Valois is of exceptional importance, since her epistolary heritage is calculated by a few units of documents, and the letter from St. Petersburg, despite the fact that they knew about it already in the 17th century, disappeared from the field of view of researchers and is still considered lost. It contains a request for help to his father, — to send an experienced physician to Scotland who observed the young queen in France. Unfortunately, this request came too late, Madeleine passed away at the age of 16, going down in history as the “summer Queen of Scotland”.