Atomic-Scale Investigation of Deformation Behavior and Dislocation Evolution During Metal Spinning Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Localized stress concentration and defect accumulation are prone to occurring during metal spinning because of the coupled effects of complex loading and interfacial friction. In this study, a molecular dynamics model of metal spinning was established to investigate the effects of process parameters and temperature on the mechanical response, material flow, contact loading, and dislocation evolution behavior within the contact zone. The results indicate that the optimal deformation coordination is achieved with an arc radius of 25 Å, an indentation depth of 8 Å, and a tangential velocity of 1.5 Å/ps. Analysis of the normal and tangential forces shows that the normal load is rapidly established during the indentation stage, whereas the tangential load continuously increases with material shear transport. Both loads decrease significantly with increasing temperature. Elevated temperature effectively suppresses dislocation accumulation and simplifies the dislocation structure, causing the plastic deformation behavior to gradually transition toward a dominant primary slip-system mode. This study reveals the local deformation and dislocation evolution mechanisms during spinning and provides theoretical guidance for the process optimization of thin-walled spinning components.