DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_157_26 ISSN: 0976-7428

Association of rs11362 with Periodontitis Risk and Outcomes: A Case–Control Study

Linh Ai Huynh, Thao Ngoc Phuong Tran, Hoa Thanh Nguyen, Tran Huyen Duong, Nguyen Thi Tai Cao
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Abstract

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between defensin beta 1 ( DEFB1 ) rs11362 polymorphism and susceptibility to periodontitis and to evaluate its influence on clinical outcomes following nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

Methods:

The prospective case-control study included 95 participants (65 patients with periodontitis and 30 healthy controls). Rs11362 polymorphism was genotyped using Tetra-amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was confirmed in controls ( P  = 0.674). Genotype distribution were compared using Pearson’s chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. Multivariable logistic regression under the dominant model (heterozygous genotype [CT] + homozygous genotypes [TT] vs. [CC]), adjusted for body mass index, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and smoking and followed by false discovery rate correction, was performed to evaluate periodontitis susceptibility. Clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival index, and plaque index were evaluated at baseline and after 3 months; treatment-related changes and differences among genotypes were assessed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results:

No significant differences in genotype or allele distributions were observed between groups. Logistic regression showed no significant association between rs11362 and periodontitis susceptibility (odds ratio = 0.781, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.313-1.951). Following treatment, CAL and PPD decreased by 1.11 mm (95% CI: 0.91-1.31) and 1.91 mm (95% CI: 1.66-2.15). Although the CC genotype showed greater mean improvements than the CT and TT genotypes, the between genotype differences were not statistically significant. The absence of a significant association may partly reflect the limited statistical power of this study.

Conclusion:

DEFB1 rs11362 polymorphism was not significantly associated with periodontitis susceptibility in this cohort. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy significantly improved periodontal outcomes. Larger longitudinal studies are warranted to determine whether DEFB1 rs11362 influences periodontal treatment.

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