DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_1104_25 ISSN: 2589-8302

Association between Gene Expression of Glyoxalase II and Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Case Control Study

P. K Jabir, Suma Sukumaran, Rajendran Kannan, Vijayashree Priyadharsini Jayaseelan, S. Kamalesh Kumaran, Gulipalli Pallavi
Show PDF Cite

Background:

The global prevalence of Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has risen markedly, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality through its long-term complications. Methylglyoxal (MGO), a reactive metabolite that promotes advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, and is detoxified through the glyoxalase pathway by glyoxalase I ( Glo1 ) and II ( Glo2 ) enzymes. In diabetes, the activity of these enzymes becomes impaired. While extensive research has focused on Glo1 , role of Glo2 remains comparatively underexplored.

Aim:

To assess the gene expression of Glo2 in early T2DM and evaluate its potential as a biomarker for early detection of diabetic complications.

Study Design:

Observational case-control pilot study.

Methods:

The study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India. Fourteen participants (seven early T2DM patients of <6 months’ duration and seven non-diabetic controls), aged 18–65 years, were enrolled between April and June 2024. Venous blood samples were collected under aseptic precautions. Glo2 gene expression was quantified using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and results were statistically analyzed using unpaired t -test.

Results:

Relative hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase ( HAGH ) mRNA expression was significantly reduced in T2DM patients compared with non-diabetic controls ( P = 0.0142, t = 2.867, df = 12).

Conclusion:

Study demonstrates significant downregulation of Glo2 gene expression in early T2DM, indicating its potential role as a novel biomarker for predicting early complications of diabetes.

More from our Archive