Assessment of the Interleukin-32 and Interleukin-35 Levels in the Circulation of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Patients
Ahmed Hadi Saeed Al-Khafaji, Jawad Kadhim Tarrad Al-Khafaj, Abdulnabi J. AbidAbstract
Background:
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is a more common autoimmune disease causing chronic thyroid gland inflammation with many genetic and environmental uncertain etiologies. The main characteristic of HT is the loss of thyroid tissue as a result of a strong immune response against thyroid self-antigens, which promotes autoantibody formation and cytokine production, resulting in local inflammation and immune cell infiltration.
Objectives:
The current study aimed to investigate the levels of interleukin-32 (IL-32) and interleukin-35 (IL-35), as well as their correlation with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Materials and Methods:
One hundred twenty subjects were enrolled in this study. The study included 60 individuals diagnosed with HT and 60 healthy individuals, ages ranging from 20 to 64 years, with the latter group having no known diseases or history of drug use. The study groups were subjected to serological investigation of IL-32, IL-35, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO Ab), anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-Tg Ab), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), FT3, and FT4 using ELISA and VIDAS techniques.
Results:
Regarding the IL-32 level, the results in patients with HT were significantly (
Conclusion:
The cytokines IL-32 and IL-35 may be regarded as possible biomarkers for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and their levels may be utilized as a follow-up measurement and may provide novel targets for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis therapy in the future.