Assessment of Salivary Nitric Oxide Levels in Patients Diagnosed with Chronic Periodontitis Before and After Phase I Periodontal Treatment Consisting of Scaling and Root Planing: A Clinical and Biochemical Study
C. SwarnalathaAbstract
Background and Aim:
Salivary nitric oxide (NO) levels play a key role in the modulation of inflammatory response in periodontally diseased individuals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between salivary NO levels and clinical parameters in individuals with chronic periodontitis before and after phase I periodontal treatment, while, also, to evaluate whether salivary NO levels can be considered as a potential biological marker for the progression of periodontal disease.
Materials and Methods:
The present interventional study included 60 subjects/patients who were divided into 2 groups including a Group A consisting of 30 subjects with clinically healthy periodontium acting as controls and Group B consisting of 30 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, whereas the clinical parameters such as Plaque Index, Gingival Index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level, and salivary NO levels were recorded at baseline and at the end of 3 months after phase I periodontal treatment, and the data obtained, subjected to statistical analysis. Salivary NO levels were analyzed using the Griess reagent colorimetric reaction via spectrophotometer.
Results:
The results of the present study indicated increased mean salivary NO levels in chronic periodontitis patients, whereas the levels decreased significantly after phase I periodontal treatment (40.87 ± 10.89 μM/L at baseline to 26.37 ± 7.53 μM/L after periodontal treatment) (
Conclusions:
Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that salivary NO levels can be utilized as a potential biological marker for disease detection and monitoring in chronic periodontitis patients.