ASSESSMENT OF FIRE RESISTANCE AND FIRE HAZARD OF PROTECTIVE CONTAINERS UNDER CONDITIONS OF COMBUSTION OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES

The relevance of this study is due to the increasing number of fires caused by thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) and the difficulty of extinguishing them. Passive localization of thermal processes is an effective means of minimizing the consequences. The objective of the study is to scientifically substantiate the design and thermal parameters of a protective sarcophagus container for the safe storage of emergency of lithium-ion batteries at industrial facilities, providing EI 120 fire resistance. A hydrocarbon fire (GOST R EN 1363-2–2014) was adopted as the design temperature regime. The thermal physics problem was solved through numerical modeling of a transient thermal field in the Elcut software package, taking into account the nonlinear thermal properties of the materials. A multilayer enclosing structure is proposed: 30 mm ceramics, 3 mm steel, 50 mm basalt slab, and 2 mm steel. Modeling results showed that the temperature on the unheated surface does not exceed 220 °C after 120 minutes, which meets the criterion for loss of thermal insulation capacity. Recommendations were developed for equipping the container with gas venting, excess pressure relief, and fire suppression systems.