Assessing the sustainable development of Chinese wind energy from the inclusive wealth perspective

The article delineates the system boundaries of wind power projects through life cycle assessment framework, integrates shadow prices and the Inclusive Wealth Index (IWI) to assess the sustainability of such projects in China. The article provides statistical descriptions of the life cycle table, greenhouse gas emissions, and life cycle energy consumption of wind power systems. Additionally, the study estimates the actual shadow prices across different wind power projects to evaluate the IWI. Furthermore, the article employs learning curves to analyze the stock and price of relevant production capital to compare the sustainability characteristics of wind power projects under both static and dynamic conditions based on IWI measurements. Recognizing regional disparities, the article underscores the importance of addressing the “wind curtailment” issue. Finally, the article suggests strategies for developed nations to foster the sustainable development of wind power in China. This study provides a theoretical reference for the feasibility and sustainable development of subsequent wind power projects.