Artificial Intelligence Integration Governance Model in Indonesian Arbitration

The development of artificial intelligence in dispute resolution has driven the transformation of arbitration practices, including Indonesia. However, the use of AI in arbitration is not only related to technical and operational aspects, but also requires the formulation of a governance model that ensures legitimacy, accountability, and protection of the rights of the parties. This study aims to analyze the governance model for AI integration in Indonesian arbitration by positioning AI as a supporting instrument, not a substitute for human roles. The analysis focuses on three arbitration institutions in Indonesia, namely BANI, BASYARNAS, and BAM HKI, with different dispute characteristics. The results of the study show that the application of AI in arbitration must be adapted to the institutional context and the inherent level of legal risk, with an emphasis on the principles of human-in-the-loop, transparency, and human responsibility. A risk-based governance model should distinguish between lower-risk administrative and cybersecurity applications, such as AI-powered intrusion detection at BANI, and higher-risk applications that may influence substantive legal analysis, including NLP-assisted analysis of sharia texts at BASYARNAS and AI-assisted assessment of intellectual property evidence at BAM HKI.