Applications of Covalent Organic Frameworks in Sample Pretreatment

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) represent a class of crystalline porous materials composed of lightweight organic small molecules interconnected by robust covalent bonds. These materials are characterized by highly ordered pore structures, as well as tunable chemical compositions and functions. This article presents a systematic review of the recent advancements in COFs for sample pretreatment over the past 5 years. It summarizes the applications of these COFs in solid‐phase extraction, dispersive solid‐phase extraction, magnetic solid‐phase extraction, and microextraction techniques, focusing on functionalization design and application. This review demonstrates that through appropriate structural modification and composite design, COFs can efficiently and selectively enrich trace targets in complex samples while exhibiting excellent extraction capacity and reusability. Moreover, these COFs showed excellent potential to remove interferents from complex samples for improving the selectivity of analytical approach. Finally, this review offers a perspective on the future development of COF‐based sample pretreatment strategies.