Application of circular economy principles for mining waste management

The mining industry plays a leading role in global economic development, and demand for mineral resources is expected to grow in the foreseeable future. The volumes of waste generated by mining are so large that converting it into valuable products presents a real problem. The situation is difficult because natural resources are limited and traditional methods of extracting and processing minerals have significant environmental impacts. Recently, the concept of a circular economy has been explored as a model for addressing this challenge. The most significant material flows and environmental impacts occur near production sites. Furthermore, the mining industry is conservative in adopting new technologies or recycling strategies, which is another obstacle to a circular economy. In this regard, digitalisation can identify the most promising areas for recycling and promote the circularity and traceability of waste-based materials. The practice of the circular economy can considerably reduce environmental pollution, decrease waste volumes, preserve natural resources and promote socio-economic development.