Antimicrobials in a Box: A Primer on the Risks of Direct-to-Consumer Antimicrobial Preparedness Kits

Abstract

Direct-to-consumer marketing of “emergency medical kits” containing prescription antimicrobials has emerged as a concerning trend in the healthcare marketplace. These kits, available for online purchase following limited medical screening, typically include multiple antimcrobials intended for consumer-directed administration of a self-diagnosed infection. While promoted as preparedness tools, the availability of such kits raises significant concerns for patient safety, antimicrobial stewardship, and public health. Without appropriate clinical evaluation, diagnostic testing, or individualized dosing guidance, misuse is likely, including inappropriate indications, adverse drug effects, drug-drug interactions, incorrect dosing regimens, and unnecessary treatment courses. Furthermore, unsupervised antimicrobial access risks reinforcing misconceptions regarding appropriate antimicrobial use and contributing to antimicrobial resistance.