Analysis of a non-LTE hypersonic spectrum of ethylene between 5880 and 6200 cm−1

Hydrocarbons are partly responsible for the opacity of warm Jupiters’ atmospheres in the infrared. Laboratory high-resolution spectroscopic data, including hot band rovibrational transitions, are crucial to model and interpret telescope observations. In this work, a set of six hot bands and 11 cold bands of ethylene (12C2H4) is observed using cavity ringdown spectroscopy between 5880 and 6200 cm−1. The ethylene sample is preheated to 650 and 850 K before being expanded through a Laval nozzle to produce a high Mach number expansion. The rotational temperature drops to ∼12–13 K in the jet, while the vibrational population accumulates in the first excited vibrational state ν10, from which all the observed hot bands originate. The observed transitions are assigned using the lower state combination difference approach; a set of A, B, and C rotational constants, along with the energy of the upper state, is determined using PGOPHER software for the 17 observed vibrational bands. The TheoReTS (Theoretical Reims-Tomsk Spectral data) model, employed to identify the upper vibrational states, will benefit from these newly identified transitions.